4 Common Types of Mortar |
Posted: May 16, 2019 |
Mortar is a thick mixture that glues building materials together. It's created by mixing sand, hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide), and Portland cement. There are various types of mortar mixes that contain different proportions of each ingredient, which affect the properties and the qualities of the mix. For example, higher proportions of hydrated lime are beneficial to heavy-duty applications. Meanwhile, higher sand content provides the mix with lower compressive strength. Read on to learn more about the characteristics and applications of different types of mortar mixes. Type OType O mortar has a relatively low compressive strength of about 350 psi (pounds per square inch), which means that this mix has high proportions of sand. It's typically used in interior, non-load-bearing walls and some exterior applications. It's also useful in repointing and repairing existing structures. Type NCommonly referred to as "general purpose mortar," type N mortar can be used in both interior and exterior applications. It has a medium strength of 750 psi that comes from its composition of 1 part of Portland cement, 1 part of hydrated lime, and 6 parts of sand. This stone mortar mix is also commonly used in semi-soft masonry since it doesn't crack easily. Type N mortar is very resilient and is ideal for walls that are exposed to severe weather and extreme temperatures. Type SType S is another mortar mix of medium strength. This type of mix is a result of mixing 2 parts of Portland cement, 1 part of hydrated lime, and 9 parts of sand. At 1,800 psi, type S mortar can withstand soil pressure, seismic loads, and weather, which makes it the appropriate mix for below-grade applications like retaining walls, masonry foundations, and utility holes. This spec mix mortar can also be used in exterior projects like patios and walkways. Type MThis is the strongest mortar mix with a compressive strength of 2,500 psi. Type M mortar is a combination of 3 parts of Portland cement, 1 part of hydrated lime, and 12 parts of sand. It's the go-to mix for below-grade applications and projects that require heavy loads like driveways and foundations. It can also be used for retaining walls and other load-bearing applications. When choosing the right mortar mix, take note of the proportions of the mix and the requirements of your project. Consult companies that sell finishing mortar, stone mortar mix, and other types of mixes regarding your construction needs.
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